Flame Retardant and Antistatic Properties of Wood Plastic Materials
In recent years, wood plastic composites (WPC) have been widely used in furniture, decking, interior decoration and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties, relatively good processing performance, and smooth and flat surfaces that are easy to later decorate.However, both wood powder and plastic are flammable materials and do not have flame retardant properties. They are easily flammable when exposed to open fire. When burning, the flame temperature is high, spreads quickly, and emits a large amount of harmful gases and smoke;In addition, both plastic and wood powder are electrical insulating materials, and composite materials prepared from them are still poor conductors of electricity.In practical applications, static electricity hazards will occur, leading to fires and explosions, which pose great safety risks and limit the wide application of materials to a certain extent.
At present, adding conductive agents and flame retardants to wood-plastic composite systems is the main method to improve the antistatic and flame retardant properties of materials. Among conductive agents, the most commonly used is conductive carbon black with extremely high conductivity, good dispersion, and can form a continuous conductive path or network structure in the matrix, and the mechanical properties of the material will not change significantly. In terms of flame retardants, WPC flame retardants can be divided into organic flame retardant materials and inorganic flame retardant materials.Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an inorganic flame retardant material that is currently widely used. Its mechanism of action is mainly to form a carbon layer with a microporous structure after thermal expansion.Interrupt the burning state of burning materials or slow down the spread speed to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy.
As a flame retardant, APP has the advantages of high thermal stability, low density and non-toxicity.In addition, because of its large amount of smoke, it is often used in combination with other flame retardants, which can not only reduce the dosage of APP, but alsoMoreover, it can improve the disadvantage of large smoke emission, increase the fire prevention effect, and reduce the loss of mechanical properties of the material.Zinc borate (ZB) is also an inorganic flame retardant. It contains the flame retardant element boron, which can be used as a synergistic component.At the same time, it has a very good smoke suppression effect and can well suppress the generation of smoke and the emission of CO and CO2. In addition, it also has the advantages of low price, environmental protection, non-toxic and anti-corrosion.
